中国苏铁科植物已知病虫害及其防治研究概况

对中国苏铁科植物已知病虫害及其防治研究进行综述,整理出已知病害4种,虫害45种.简述了苏铁病虫害研究概况、主要病虫害发生规律和防治措施,提供了中国已知苏铁病虫害名录并编制出检索表.     

羧甲基壳聚糖对玉米氮代谢关键酶活性及籽粒蛋白质含量的影响

为研制开发提高玉米籽粒蛋白质含量的新型植物生长调节剂，采用田间小区试验，研究了羧甲基壳聚糖对玉米氮代谢关键酶的调控效果。结果表明，羧甲基壳聚糖对玉米氮代谢具有一定的调控作用，可显著提高玉米功能叶硝酸还原酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶、谷氨酰胺转化酶、蛋白水解酶和玉米籽粒的谷氨酰胺合成酶活性，降低玉米籽粒的蛋白水解酶活性，并能明显增加玉米籽粒的全氮、蛋白氮含量。     

面向高校重点学科加强文献资源建设

笔者就高校图书馆文献资源建设的现状进行了分析，并对搞好文献资源建设工作提出建议。     

真海鞘营养成分的分析与评价

对真海鞘Halocynthia roretzi可食部的基本成分以及氨基酸、矿物元素和脂肪酸含量进行了分析。结果表明:真海鞘可食部蛋白质、粗脂肪、灰分、总糖含量(均为质量分数,下同)分别为39.60%、6.53%、25.79%、9.19%;氨基酸含量为29.50%,必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的51.40%,特别是呈味氨基酸占氨基酸总量的36.37%,各必需氨基酸的氨基酸平均得分为90.0±15.7;真海鞘可食部含有丰富的矿物元素Na、Mg、Ca、P、Fe、Zn、Cu、Co、V、Mn,特别是Zn的含量(730.7 mg/kg)远高于其它海洋动物;真海鞘可食部富含必需不饱和脂肪酸,可以作为n-3系列不饱和脂肪酸的来源。     

不同浓度玉米生长调节剂对玉米氮代谢的影响

采用田间小区试验，研究了不同浓度新型玉米生长调节剂对玉米氮代谢的影响．结果表明，不同浓度玉米生长调节剂对灌浆期玉米功能叶、茎秆中氮素的转运，功能叶硝酸还原酶与蛋白水解酶活性，功能叶和籽粒的谷氨酰胺合成酶与转化酶活性均有明显的促进作用，显著增加玉米产量、籽粒蛋白质含量及籽粒蛋白质产量．在调节剂的3个浓度中，以PGRCl较合理．PGRCl处理玉米籽粒的蛋白氮含量比对照提高0．83g／kg，籽粒产量比对照增加13．18％，籽粒蛋白质产量比对照增加19．59％．     

优质棉品种(系)的纤维品质差异性研究

系统研究了棉花高强纤维、长纤维和长强纤维配套材料的年度间及果枝部位间的品质差异 ,结果表明 :( 1 )棉株中下部纤维品质比较稳定 ,上部果枝纤维品质变异较大 ;( 2 )长纤维材料较其它两类材料具有较好的纤维品质稳定性 ;( 3)与 2 0 0 1年相比 ,2 0 0 2年度优质棉纤维品质明显下降 ,2 0 0 3年纤维长度好于 2 0 0 2但低于 2 0 0 1年 ,比强度继续下降 ,马克隆值变化较小。     

十二种落叶栎木的木材分类

本文研究了12种落叶栎木的解剖构造,按其主要特征,编制出识别木材的检索表。并运用木材定量解剖的方法,测定晚材管孔在纲格上的点分数、单位面积上的管孔数、密度指数以及它们之间的间距,将12种落叶栎木分为四组及二个单独的种。短柄枹栎和枹栎的木材解剖构造和定量解剖分析上都有显著地差异,可以将短柄枹栎单列为一种;麻栎和栓皮栎在形态分类上比较接近,而木材构造和定量解剖分析差别较大,栓皮栎可作为单独一个种,不包括在麻栎组内。     

数字化管道及其应用现状

随着数字地球这一概念的引入,数字化管道已成为管道建设中的一个新理念。叙述了数字化管道的概念、关键技术、应用现状和建设数字化管道所涉及的工作,认为实现管道数字化,将会快速提高管道的建设和运营管理水平,促进管道事业的发展。     

Human-wildlife conflicts influence attitudes but not necessarily behaviors: Factors driving the poaching of bears in China

Human-wildlife conflicts often spur retaliatory killing, which may be a major threat to some wildlife species. Asiatic black bears depredate crops and livestock and also attack humans. We investigated whether human–bear conflicts in Sichuan Province, southwestern China, resulted in increased bear poaching. We conducted semi-structured interviews within 429 15 × 15-km cells across the province, asking villagers about bear occurrence, population trends, attitudes toward bears, human–bear conflicts, responses to bear damage, and bear poaching. Bears raided crops (n = 174 cells), killed livestock (n = 114 cells), and attacked people (n = 49 cells). Fifty percent and 43% of villagers held negative and neutral attitudes toward bears, respectively; attitudes were more negative among people who had previous interactions with bears or lived where bear encounters were more likely. Although killing bears was illegal, villagers in 117 cells (38%) indicated that bear poaching occurred around their villages. However, killing bears was not significantly linked to damage: indeed, killing was more common in areas without human–bear conflicts. Poachers killed bears mainly for trade of their valuable parts (gall bladder and paws, 78.5%). Tibetan people experienced bear damage and also had negative attitudes toward bears, but reported less poaching than Han or Yi people, due to their religious beliefs. Our study indicated that human-wildlife conflicts shaped people’s attitudes toward bears, but strong economic incentives, not attitudes, prompted illegal killing. Whereas mitigation of human–bear conflicts could help foster more positive attitudes toward bears and the nature reserves that protect bears, this strategy will not remove the primary threat against this species.     

陆良复种栽培探析

云南省陆良县得天独厚的自然气候条件,形成了复杂多样的复种模式,详细介绍、分析、总结和探讨了陆良县较有特色的几种复种模式。